| Ecology and economy are both derived from the Greek word “Oikos” meaning |
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| Natural capital is that which is created by |
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| Which of the following is considered Human Capital:TimberSolar Energy Technology such as hydroelectric powerBuildings in a community Knowledge of History |
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| which of the following is considered Social Capital?Community OrganizationHuman Expierences Technology such as a water treatment plant in a community knowledge of a community’s history |
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| _____is a nonrenewable resourseScientific techHydroelectric powerCoal |
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| Renewable resources are those that |
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| will always renew themselves unless we destroy them |
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| An example of an intangiable resource is |
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| The economic theory that was originally focused on how the interests and values of individual societal goals is the ______ economic theory. |
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| In economic terms “demand” Is how much of something |
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| People will buy regardless of price |
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| In economic terms “supply” is how much of something |
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| Is available on the market |
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| A(n)_______relationship exists between supply and demand. Therefore, when supply is high, demand is _____ |
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| on the classical supply-demand graph ______ is highest when prices are low |
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| On the supply-demand graph, market equilibrium is marked |
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| C. The exact center point where they meet |
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| Using the supply-demand graph, what happens as the price of a good service increases? |
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| Demand falls and supply increases |
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| Price inelasticity is when _____ while price elasticity is when _____. |
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| The supply/demand curve is followed; consumers buy a product regardless of cost |
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| Political economy theory incorporates _____ while neoclassical economic theory incorpprates |
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| The issues of social structures and value systems; objectivity and scientific analysis.
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| when we purchas a product, the price we pay directly reflect the _____ cost of producing it. If the Manufacture of the product degrades the quality of the air or water, then the cost of this pollution are are termed _____ costs. |
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| when a factory pollutes a river, the costs and losses that affect people downstream would be called _____ costs. |
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| Ecological economics is different from the other economic theories because it recognizes the |
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| Human econmy as one part of a dynamic world system.
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| A stedy-state economy would be marked by___ resource consumption,_____ volume and ______output. |
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| What author critized the idea of commonly held resources in “The Tragedy of the Commons?” |
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| “The Tragedy of the Commons” is based on a view that |
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| Open access systems can be sustained and promoted |
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| Which of the following is an example of an open access system? |
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| Cattle grazing on common woodlands and pasturizes in colonial New England. |
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| The price of natural gas doubles. What would happen to the quanity of the natural gas in a market system? |
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| The quantity decreases because it is too expensive to produce |
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| In a frontier economy, there is usually a relative abundance of ____ because of the inefficiency _____ |
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| Natural resources; of the procedures for gaining access to resources.
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| The graph shows how _______ when economies develop. |
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| Prices and quantites fall simutaneously |
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| The price/quantity intersection marked “a” in the graph represents a/an _____ economy. |
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| Which of the following is NOT an effective response to resource scarcity? |
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| Increasing trade with other regions |
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| In Limits to Growth the Club of Rome predicted that |
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| Economic collapse is likely if we do not reduce population growth |
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| the computer models published in the 1972 Limits to Growth predicted _____ in the next century |
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| Population and resource crashes |
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| In response to criticisims of Limits of growth a computer model was published in Beyond the Limits that |
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| Includes technological progress and pollution abatment |
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| Things like open space or clean air can be considered a resource because they are |
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| The use of Gross National Products as an indicator of economic well-being |
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| Is criticized as an inaccurate measure of the quality of life |
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| Which of the following would not be counted as part of the Gross National Product? |
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| Home health care by a family member |
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| Which of the following indicators is incorrectly matched with the factors it takes into account? |
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| Gender Development Index – gender and natural resource depletion |
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| The most valuable component of ecosystem services is provided by |
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| In 1997, ecological economists put a price on the goods and services provided by natural systems. This estimated annual value ranged from |
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| What is the name of the process the lending institution is going through in this scenario? |
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| Includes many subjective judgments |
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| Which of the following is not a major criticism of the type of analysis in the scenario? |
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| People are willing to answer questions about how much they would spend to save the Amazon rainforest |
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| An example of a market-based incentive for environmental protection would be |
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| Fees placed on certain types or volumes of a pollutant |
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| The function of the World Bank is to administer |
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| Major international development aid |
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| One of the highest volume and longest lasting components of landfills is ______________, which will not break down for at least ___________ years.
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| Businesses are now willing to become “green” because |
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| Doing so improves their image and saves money in the end |
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| Many businesses are exploring and adopting the “design for the environment.” Which of the following is not associated with this approach? |
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| The products of a process are resources for other processes |
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| Environmental protection has been proven to __________ the number of available jobs because __________. |
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| Increase; labor is usually substituted for natural resources (as in the case of recycling) |
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| Most job layoffs occur as a result of |
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| Pollution charges and emissions trading are examples of market-based mechanisms for environmental protection. |
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| The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the World Trade Organization (WTO) agreements are primarily negotiated among the largest industrial nations. This tends to keep less-developed countries in the role of resource supplier to more developed countries. |
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| The Grammeen Bank is a microlender whose business loans assist mainly low-status women. |
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| What you choose to buy as a consumer does not really influence businesses to produce eco-friendly goods and services. |
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