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Family: Pinaceae
Common Name: pitch pine
Eco: Sandy dry soils, very adapted to bad sites
Use: charcoal, iron & glass furnace, terpentine for woodbuilding, tar
Range: South Maine to Georgia
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Family: Cupressaceae
Common Name: eastern red cedar
Eco: tolerates dry areas, usu. in farmland, early succ. areas, pioneer sp.
Use: ornamental, gin, wildlife food, moth deter.
Range: central & eastern US
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Family Name: Cornaceae
Common Name: blackgum, black tupelo
Eco: wet or dry sites, most wet site
Use: interlocking grain & fiber for cutting boards, old pipes (salt resistant)
Range: eastern US (E of Mississippi)
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Family Name: Lauraceae
Common Name: sassafras
Eco: shade intol., rich moist soils
Use: sassparilla, tea, oil, soap, dye, wildlife food
Range: east of Mississippi
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Family Name: Aceraceae
Common Name: sugar maple
Eco: moist well drained soils, very shade tol.
Use: timber, syrup
Range: northeast US & upper lake states
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Family Name: Aceraceae
Common Name: red maple
Eco: generalist–anywhere, take over swamps, shade tol.
Use: softwood, none particular
Range: eastern US
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Family Name: Caesalpiniaceae
Common Name: honeylocust
Eco: river banks
Use: fenceposts
Range: central & eastern US
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Family Name: Cornaceae
Common Name: red-osier dogwood
Eco: streambanks
Use: ornamental
Range: all US
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Family Name: Magnoliaceae
Common Name: sweetbay magnolia
Eco: moist, swampy areas
Use: ornamental
Range: southern & eastern coastal states
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Family Name: Bignoniaceae
Common Name: northern catalpa
Eco: bottomlands, planted, shade intol.
Use: fenceposts, RR ties
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Family Name: Clethraceae
Common Name: sweet pepperbush
Eco: lowland
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Family Name: Salicaceae
Common Name: black willow
Eco: lowlands
Use: quanine from used to treat malaria
Range: central & eastern US
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Family Name: Cupressaceae
Common Name: Atlantic white-cedar
Eco: muck soils, swamps
Use: indestructable wood, shingles, wood building
Range: Atlantic & Gulf states
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Family Name: Hamamelidaceae
Common Name: sweet gum
Eco: bottomland, moist sites (high clay content), shade intol.
Use: resin for perfume, timber–furniture under veneer
Range: southern & eastern US to CT & southwest to TX
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Family Name: Platanaceae
Common Name: sycamore
Eco: wetland
Use: cutting boards, butcher blocks
Range: east of Mississippi
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Family Name: Platanaceae
Common Name: London planetree
Eco: planted, street trees
Use: cutting boards, butcher blocks, ornamental
Range: non-native, imported
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Family Name: Rosaceae
Common Name: black cherry
Eco: moist sites, shade intol., pioneer sp., old fields
Use: furniture, wildlife food, veneer
Range: PA (alleghany plateau), central & east US
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: eastern white pine
Eco: sandy, loamy soils, predeterminate growth
Use: timber sp.
Range: lake states, north & east US
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: eastern hemlock
Eco: very shade tol., moist areas–ravines, late succes. species
Use: tannin from bark for treating/tanning animal hide
Range: northeastern US along Appalachian mntns. to TN, lake states–ravines
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Family Name: Cornaceae
Common Name: flowering dogwood
Eco: understory tree (shade tol.), moist hardwood areas
Use: quanine, red dye, wildlife food
Range: eastern to southeast US
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: Norway spruce
Eco: planted
Use: ornamental
Range: non-native, imported
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Family Name: Aquifoliaceae
Common Name: American holly
Eco: moist soils, shade tol., understory sp., diecious
Use: ornamental, wildlife food
Range: southeast US & eastern coastal states
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: scots pine, scotch pine
Eco: dry tolerant, wide distribution
Use: firewood, christmas trees
Range: wide area, from Europe
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Family Name: Caesalpiniaceae
Common Name: redbud
Eco: streambanks, lowlands & moist soils
Use: ornamental
Range: southeast & central US
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Family Name: Cupressaceae
Common Name: northern white cedar
Eco: limestone outcrops, basic soils, shallow sphagnum bogs
Use: fenceposts, railings, shingles, pulpwood
Range: northeast US, lake states, parts of Canada
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Family Name: Betulaceae
Common Name: river birch, red birch
Eco: river banks, floodplains, low elevations, shade intol.
Use: ornamental
Range: eastern US
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: shortleaf pine
Eco: dry uplands
Use: timber, wildlife nesting
Range: south & eastern US
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Family Name: Ebenaceae
Common Name: persimmon
Eco: rich, moist soils, diecious
Use: wildlife food
Range: southern & eastern US
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Family Name: Betulaceae
Common Name: gray birch
Eco: shade intol., grow on poor soils, early succes.
Use: make spools, big trees for veneer
Range: northern Maine to northern DE, west to PA, Canada to Alaska
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Family Name: Juglandaceae
Common Name: black walnut
Eco: shade intol., rich moist soils in alluvial origin, good on poor sites
Use: veneer, wildlife food
Range: central & eastern US
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Family Name: Juglandaceae
Common Name: butternut
Eco: shade intol., rich moist soils in alluvial origin, good on poor sites, first to drop leaves & last to leaf out
Use: wildlife food
Range: eastern US except southeast
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Family Name: Rosaceae
Common Name: pear
Eco: everywhere
Use: edible fruit
Range: everywhere
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: virginia pine
Eco: good on poor soil, shade intol., farm–pioneer sp.
Use: paper/pulpwood
Range: center of eastern US
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Family Name: Salicaceae
Common Name: white poplar
Eco: introduced sp., diecious
Use: cheap brittle wood
Range: introduced
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Family Name: Magnoliaceae
Common Name: tuliptree, yellow-poplar, tulip poplar
Eco: moist soils, shade intol.
Use: very hard wood, timber under veneer
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Family Name: Moraceae
Common Name: white mulberry
Eco: introduced
Use: ornamental, edible fruit
Range: introduced
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Family Name: Moraceae
Common Name: red mulberry
Eco: native
Use: ornamental, edible fruit
Range: native
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Family Name: Anacardiaceae
Common Name: smooth sumac
Use: stabilize soils, wildlife food
Range: most US
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Family Name: Anacardiaceae
Common Name: staghorn sumac
Use: stabilize soils, wildlife food
Range: northeast US
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Family Name: Anacardiaceae
Common Name: shining/winged sumac
Use: stabilize soils, wildlife food
Range: central & eastern US
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Family Name: Scrophulariaceae
Common Name: princess tree
Eco: introduced, all
Use: packing material, wedding boxes (wood) for Japan
Range: introduced, everywhere
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Family Name: Ulmaceae
Common Name: American elm
Eco: lining streets, wet to moist areas, rich soil
Use: ornamental, nice wood
Range: central & eastern US, Canada
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Family Name: Ulmaceae
Common Name: slippery elm
Eco: more moist areas than American elm
Use: ornamental, cough drops
Range: central & eastern US except Canada & coastal areas
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: blue spruce
Eco: withstands drought
Use: ornamental
Range: Rocky mountains (N 6,000-9,000 ft; S 8,000-11,000 ft) Montana to New Mexico
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Family Name: Caesalpiniaceae
Common Name: Kentucky coffeetree
Eco: moist soils, bottomlands
Use: fences, RR ties, early settlers used seeds for coffee
Range: central US
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Family Name: Oleaceae
Common Name: fringetree
Eco: moist areas, streambanks, sandy rich moist soils
Use: ornamental, wildlife food
Range: south eastern US
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Family Name: Oleaceae
Common Name: green ash
Eco: wet sites, streambanks, diecious
Use: baseball bats, handles, furniture, urban areas
Range: eastern & central US
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Family Name: Oleaceae
Common Name: white ash
Eco: fertile upland soils, diecious
Use: bats, handles, furniture, urban areas
Range: eastern US
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Family Name: Betulaceae
Common Name: hazel alder
Use: wildlife food, soil erosion
Range: eastern part of central US
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Family Name: Betulaceae
Common Name: speckled alder
Use: wildlife food, soil erosion
Range: northeast US & Canada
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Family Name: Araliaceae
Common Name: devil’s walking stick
Eco:; grow quick
Use:; ornamental, wildlife food
Range:; central ; eastern US
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Family Name:; Cupressaceae
Common Name:; baldcypress
Eco:; bottomlands
Use:; coffins, fenceposts, ornamental
Range:; Atlantic ; Gulf coast states
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Metasequoia glyptostroboides
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Family Name:; Cupressaceae
Common Name:; metasequoia
Eco:; from waterfir valley China
Use:; ornamental
Range:; China
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Family Name:; Pinaceae
Common Name:; limber pine
Use:; lumber, RR ties, poles
Range:; Canada to Southern CA
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Family Name:; Fagaceae
Common Name:; black oak
Eco:; poor sites (crowded out from competition)
Use:; firewood, yellow dye
Range:; central ; eastern US
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Family Name:; Fagaceae
Common Name:; scarlet oak
Eco:; dry sandy soils
Use:; firewood
Range:; central ; northeast US
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Family Name:; Fagaceae
Common Name:; white oak
Eco:; deep moist soils, intermediate shade tol.
Use:; important timber–furniture
Range: eastern US
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Family Name: Rosaceae
Common Name: sweet cherry
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced
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Family Name: Simaroubaceae
Common Name: tree-of-heaven
Eco: cities
Range: cities, disturbed areas, introduced from China
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Family Name: Aceraceae
Common Name: silver maple
Eco: bottomland sp.
Use: ornamental
Range: eastern US except southeast
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Family Name: Aceraceae
Common Name: Japanese maple
Eco: planted
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced
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Family Name: Juglandaceae
Common Name: mockernut hickory
Eco: dry sandy to fertile uplands
Use: handles in tools–takes a shock
Range: eastern US
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Family Name: Fagaceae
Common Name: chestnut oak
Eco: poor dry soils
Use: lumber, tannin for curing hides
Range: northeast US & south along Appalachians (high alti.)
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Family Name: Fagaceae
Common Name: southern red oak
Eco: uplands
Range: southeast US
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Family Name: Aceraceae
Common Name: Norway maple
Eco: invasive sp., streets
Use: ornamental
Range: streets
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Family Name: Taxaceae
Common Name: yews
Eco: introduced
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced, usually tropical–family
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Family Name: Fabaceae
Common Name: black locust
Eco: lot sites, rich soils, limestone, shade intol.
Use: fenceposts, nails/wooden pegs for ships
Range: WV, KY, VA, TN, NC
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Family Name: Cupressaceae
Common Name: oriental arborvitae
Eco: ornamental, hooked fleshy blue cone
Use: ornamental
Range: from China, Asia
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Family Name: Cupressaceae
Common Name: oriental arborvitae
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Family Name: Tiliaceae
Common Name: American basswood/linden
Eco: moist soils, shade tol. when young, shade intol. older
Use: timber, carving
Range: northeast US & lake states
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Family Name: Ulmaceae
Common Name: hackberry
Eco: moist soils, limestone outcrops, floodplain sediments make rich soil
Use: wildlife food
Range: central & eastern US except southeast
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Family Name: Anacardiaceae
Common Name: poison ivy
Range: central & eastern US
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Family Name: Anacardiaceae
Common Name: poison sumac
Range: eastern US
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Family Name: Tiliaceae
Common Name: little leaf linden
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Family Name: Juglandaceae
Common Name: pecan hickory
Eco: bottomland
Use: handles, smoking food
Range: south & east US
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Family Name: Fagaceae
Common Name: sawtooth oak
Eco: from Asia
Use: ornamental
Range: from Asia
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: loblolly pine
Eco: good deep, poor moist, or dry soils
Use: major pulpwood, lumber
Range: southeast US
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: Austrian pine
Eco: from Europe
Use: ornamental, windbreak
Range: from Europe
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Family Name: Fagaceae
Common Name: bur oak
Eco: dry uplands, bottomlands
Use: timber, ornamental, pollution resistant
Range: central US & lake states
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Family Name: Ginkgoaceae
Common Name: ginkgo
Eco: old long lived, very resistant, dioecious
Use: ornamental–cities, fruit delicacy
Range: anywhere
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Family Name: Betulaceae
Common Name: European hornbeam
Eco: introduced, planted
Use: ornamental
Range: planted, introduced
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: atlas cedar
Use: ornamental
Range/Eco: imported
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Family Name: Hamamelidaceae
Common Name: witch-hazel
Eco: rich moist soils, understory sp., flowers in fall
Use: ornamental
Range: eastern US
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Family Name: Aceraceae
Common Name: paperbark maple
Use: ornamental
Range/Eco: introduced from China
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Family: Rosaceae
Common Name: crab apple
Use: ornamental
Range/Eco: introduced
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Family Name: Magnoliaceae
Common Name: cucumbertree
Eco: rich moist soil, intermediately shade tol.
Use: ornamental
Range: along Appalachian mntns.
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Family Name: Juglandaceae
Common Name: bitternut hickory
Eco: moist soils
Use: handles…
Range: eastern US
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Family Name: Fagaceae
Common Name: American beech
Eco: rich to dry soils, upland, very shade tol.
Range: east of Mississippi except Florida
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Family Name: Lauraceae
Common Name: spicebush
Eco: damp soils–rich
Use: wildlife food
Range: central & eastern US
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Family Name: Fagaceae
Common Name: northern red oak
Use: firewood…
Range: east US, eastern half of central US, not FL or Gulf states
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Family Name: Fabaceae
Common Name: yellowwood
Use: ornamental
Range: central US & Ohio valley
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Family Name: Tiliaceae
Common Name: silver linden
Eco: imported
Use: ornamental
Range: imported
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: Japanese black pine
Eco: tolerates salt
Use: ornamental?
Range: from Japan
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Family Name: Juglandaceae
Common Name: pignut hickory
Eco: upland, dry
Use: tough wood–handles of tools
Range: eastern US except coastal plain
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Xanthocyparis nootkatensis
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Family Name: Cupressaceae
Common Name: Alaska cedar
Eco: bottomlands, moist well drained soils, droopy branches
Use: ornamental
Range: western sp., southeast Alaska to Washington’s Cascade mntns. to southern Oregon–1900-2800 feet
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: fraser fir
Eco: usually growing with red spruce & yellow birch, narrow spirelike crown–shakes off snow
Use: christmas trees
Range: southern Appalachians–4500-6900 feet
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Family Name: Fagaceae
Common Name: European beech
Eco: shade tol., elephant skin crook, lot of variation
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced
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Family Name: Rosaceae
Common Name: bradford pear
Eco: extensively planted in urban areas, small round pome, branches break easily
Use: ornamental
Range: imported
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: douglas-fir
Eco: mntns., high genetic diversity, cone bracts longer than scales, mature at 25 years
Use: #1 lumber sp.
Range: west coast in Rocky Mntns.
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Family Name: hippocastanaceae
Common Name: horsechestnut
Eco: very spreading crown, large spiny nut, sticky terminal bud
Use: ornamental
Range: from Europe
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Family Name: Betulaceae
Common Name: hophornbeam
Eco: rich soils, small tree
Use: ornamental
Range: central & eastern US
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Family Name: Fabaceae
Common Name: Japanese wisteria
Eco: quick growing vine, invasive
Use: ornamental
Range: from Japan
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Family Name: Fabaceae
Common Name: American wisteria
Eco: quick growing vine
Use: ornamental
Range: VA, FL, TX–native sp.
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: tamarack, larch
Eco: cool swamps, sphagnum bogs, wet sites, shade intol., short shoot growth
Range: northeast US, some central US, & Canada
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: Japanese larch
Eco: introduced, cone scales reflexed
Range: introduced
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: European larch
Range: introduced
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Family Name: Fagaceae
Common Name: scrub/bear oak
Eco: poor soils
Use: wildlife food
Range: northeast US
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Family Name: Fagaceae
Common Name: blackjack oak
Eco: open dry poor sites, shrublike
Use: wildlife food
Range: southeast US
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Family Name: Fagaceae
Common Name: willow oak
Eco: bottomlands, poor drained soils, lot of fine branches
Use: urban tree
Range: southeast US except FL
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Family Name: Fagaceae
Common Name: post oak
Eco: dry, gravel, sandy soils, poor sites, round terminal buds, cross shaped leaf
Use: wildlife food, firewood
Range: eastern & southeast US
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Family Name: Juglandaceae
Common Name: shagbark hickory
Eco: upland sites (north), deep moist alluvial soils (south), longer skinnier bud, shaggy bark
Use: tool handles, ornamental
Range: eastern US
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: red pine
Eco: sandy soils, intermed. shade tol.
Use: stabilize soils, reforestation, ornamental
Range: northeast US & lake states
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Family Name: Betulaceae
Common Name: American Hornbeam
Eco: rich soils, near streams & rivers
Use: ornamental?
Range: East of Mississippi
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Family Name: Celastraceae
Common Name: Oriental Bittersweet
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced
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Family Name: Celastraceae
Common Name: American Bittersweet
Eco: generalist
Use: wildlife food
Range: East of Rockies
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Family Name: Fagaceae
Common Name: Pin Oak
Eco: bottomlands, poor drained soils
Use: ornamental, good city tree b/c resistant to pollution, firewood
Range: Central & Northeast US
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Family Name: Aceraceae
Common Name: Boxelder
Eco: deep moist soils, dry poor sites
Use: ornamental?
Range: most US except coast
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: White Fir
Eco: moist well drained gravelly loam covered slopes w/ Northern exposure (more shade)
Use: ornamental?
Range: Western US, largest range
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: Pseudolarix
Eco: introduced, slow growing
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced from China
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: Lacebark Pine
Eco: introduced
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced from China
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Family Name: Fagaceae
Common Name: American Chestnut
Eco: gets fungus that blows out phloem
Use: used wood in furniture
Range: eastern US
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Family Name: Fagaceae
Common Name: Chinese Chestnut
Eco: introduced
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced
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Family Name: Magnoliaceae
Common Name: Southern Magnolia
Eco: moist sites
Use: ornamental
Range: southeast US, NC is northern limit
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Family Name: Cornaceae
Common Name: Kousa Dogwood
Eco: introduced
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced
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Family Name: Hamamelidaceae
Common Name: Persian Parrotia
Eco: introduced
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: Deodar Cedar
Eco: introduced
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced
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Family Name: Cephalotaxaceae
Common Name: Cephalotaxus, Plum Yew
Eco: introduced, dioecious
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced
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Family Name: Cornaceae
Common Name: Silky Dogwood
Eco: lowlands, streams
Use: wildlife food
Range: eastern US
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Family Name: Salicaceae
Common Name: Trembling Aspen
Eco: generalist, dioecious, shade intol.
Range: US & Canada
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Family Name: Salicaceae
Common Name: Bigtooth Aspen
Eco: generalist, dioecious, shade intol.
Range: northeast US & lake states
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Family Name: Betulaceae
Common Name: Black Birch, Sweet Birch
Eco: mesic (wet) sites, shade intol.
Use: making birch beer, veneer, spools
Range: NE U.S. & App. mntns.
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Family Name: Cupressaceae
Common Name: Common Juniper
Eco: dioecious, shrub or small tree
Use: ornamental
Range: transcontinental U.S.–N U.S., Canada, lake states
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Family Name: Hippocastanaceae
Common Name: Yellow Buckeye
Eco: mesic slopes & coves, rivers & streams
Use: furniture, carving
Range: SW PA along Appl. mntns. through GA & FL
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Family Name: Cercidiphyllaceae
Common Name: Katsuratree
Eco: introduced
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced
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Family Name: Lythraceae
Common Name: Crapemyrtle
Eco: small tree, introduced
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced
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Family Name: Styracaceae
Common Name: Silverbell
Eco: wooded slopes, streambanks, moist soil
Use: ornamental
Range: WV, OH, IL-FL to E OK
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Family Name: Cupressaceae
Common Name: Hinoki Falsecypress
Eco: introduced
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced-Asia
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Family Name: Cupressaceae
Common Name: China Fir
Eco: introduced
Use: timber (China), ornamental, coffins
Range: introduced
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Family Name: Ulmaceae
Common Name: Chinese Elm
Eco: introduced from China
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced from China
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Family Name: Ericaceae
Common Name: Sourwood
Use: ornamental
Range: SE U.S.
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Family Name: Magnoliaceae
Common Name: Umbrella Magnolia
Eco: understory sp.
Use: ornamental
Range: SE U.S.
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Family Name: Ericaceae
Common Name: Rhododendron
Eco: acidic soils up to 3200′ elevation
Use: ornamental, wildlife cover, carving wood
Range: NE U.S. down to App. Mntns.
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Family Name: Fabaceae
Common Name: Japanese Pagoda Tree
Eco: introduced
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced
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Family Name: Araucariaceae
Common Name: Wollemi Fir
Eco: canyons, low genetic variability
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced from Australia
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: Mugo Pine
Eco: usually groundcover
Use: ornamental
Range: from Europe
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Family Name: Fagaceae
Common Name: Swamp White Oak
Eco: moist areas, swamps
Use: furniture, veneer
Range: N half of E U.S.
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Family Name: Cupressaceae
Common Name: Redwood
Eco: sprouts from everywhere
Use: indestructable wood
Range: SW OR to CA
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: Himalayan Pine
Eco: introduced
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced from Himalayas
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: Cedar-of-Lebanon
Eco: introduced
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced
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Family Name: Aceraceae
Common Name: Striped Maple
Eco: monoecious or dioecious, cool moist areas, very shade tol., small shrub to small tree
Use: ornamental
Range: NE U.S., lake states, App. Mntns.
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Family Name: Cupressaceae
Common Name: Giant Sequoia
Eco: need fire, shallow roots
Use: very durable wood
Range: groves along Sierra Nevadas–4500′-7500′
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Family Name: Cupressaceae
Common Name: Arizona Cypress
Eco: introduced
Use: ornamental
Range: C & S AZ
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Family Name: Annonaceae
Common Name: Pawpaw
Eco: deep rich moist soils, shade tol.
Use: wildlife food, edible fruit, yellow dye
Range: SE U.S.
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Family Name: Fagaceae
Common Name: Swamp Chestnut Oak
Eco: lowlands
Use: timber, furniture
Range: Atlantic & Gulfcoast states, Miss. valley
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Family Name: Cupressaceae
Common Name: Sawara-Cedar
Eco: introduced
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced from Japan
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Family Name: Sciadopityaceae
Common Name: Umbrella Pine
Eco: introduced
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced
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Family Name: Cupressaceae
Common Name: Japanese Cryptomeria
Eco: introduced
Use: ornamental
Range: introduced
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Family Name: Pinaceae
Common Name: Longleaf Pine
Eco: well drained soils to wet sites, very diverse forest ecosystem
Use: high quality wood
Range: Southeast U.S.
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